Coins from French States

Due to the erosion of royal power in the 10th century, some mints were taken over by local lords, secular or ecclesiastical. When Hugh Capet arrived on the throne, he mastered the minting only on the royal domain, around Paris and Orleans. Elsewhere, the right of minting is possessed by various political powers: at the level of the duchy, for example in Normandy, or at the level of local lords, such as the lords of Bourbon in Auvergne. The monetary types are nevertheless stable: the lords do not dare to change an existing type in order to preserve trust. The royal monograms in particular (that of Charles the Bald or Louis IV Transmarinus) are still minted until the end of the 12th century. But with the multiplication of these immobilized types, it happens that the engravers lose the understanding and we observe progressive degenerations of the types and legends. For two centuries, the successors of Hugh Capet enlarged the royal domain and gradually imposed the pre-eminence of royal coinage. During the 13th century, the kings of France, in particular Saint Louis and Philip the Fair, legislated to limit the circulation of feudal coins that gradually disappeared until the first half of the 14th century. The end of the Hundred Years’ War made it possible to establish a stable royal coinage and the policy of Louis XI established even more clearly the monetary hold of the king over the whole kingdom. After the introduction at the end of the 15th century of precious metals from America and the Italian art of the medal, only a few large families and exceptional enclaves within the kingdom still benefit from their own mint. The king became the undisputed master of money.

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France › French States › Hainaut, County of • Gros (1071-1506)

1 Florin = 40 Gros • 1 Patard = 2 Gros • 1 Gros = 12 Deniers • 1 Gros = 24 Mites • 1 Cavalier d'Or = 30 Patards = 60 Gros • 1 Lion d'Or = 24 Patards = 48 Gros

2 Sterlings - Margaret I of Constantinople
ND (1269-1280)

Silver • 2.68 g • ⌀ 23 mm
Hainaut# 13, Boudeau# 2090, N# 314744
2 Sterlings - Margaret I of Constantinople
ND (1269-1280)

Silver • 2.7 g • ⌀ 23 mm
Hainaut# 19, Hainaut# 18, Boudeau# 2091, N# 314648
Groat "Tournois" or "Old Groat" - John II of Avesnes
ND (1280-1304)

Silver • 4.0 g • ⌀ 24 mm
Hainaut# 22, Boudeau# 2101, N# 315262
Groschen Tournois - John II of Avesnes
ND (1303-1304)

Silver • 4.0 g • ⌀ 25 mm
Hainaut# 24, Boudeau# 2102, N# 315267
Groat "Tournois" - William I of Avesnes
ND (1306-1309)

Silver • 4.0 g
Hainaut# 53, N# 315559
Groat "with Lion" - William II of Avensnes
ND (1337-1345)

Silver • 3.8 g • ⌀ 26 mm
Hainaut# 71, Boudeau# 2118, N# 314784
Groat - William II
ND (1338-1339)

Silver • 2.3 g • ⌀ 24.5 mm
Hainaut# 67, N# 95648
Groat "with Lion" - William II of Avesnes
ND (1339-1343)

Silver • 3.8 g • ⌀ 26 mm
Hainaut# 73, N# 314788
Groat "Courtois" - William II of Avesnes
ND (1344)

Silver • 2.8 g
Hainaut# 69, N# 314780
Groat "with Lions" - William II of Avesnes
ND (1344-1345)

Silver • 2.4 g
Hainaut# 66, N# 314753
Groat "with Monogram" - Margaret II of Avesnes
ND (1345-1356)

Silver • 4.4 g • ⌀ 30 mm
Hainaut# 82, Boudeau# 2122, N# 314586
Groat "with Eagle" - Margaret II of Avesnes (13 lilies)
ND (1345-1356)

Silver • 3.8 g • ⌀ 31 mm
Hainaut# 84, N# 314583
Groat "with Monogram" - William III of Bavaria
ND (1356-1389)

Silver • 3.2 g • ⌀ 30 mm
Hainaut# 101, Boudeau# 2130, N# 314187
Groat "Tournois" - WIlliam III of Bavaria
ND (1361-1389)

Silver • 3.35 g
Hainaut# 103, N# 314191
Groat "with Monogram" - Albert of Bavaria
ND (1389-1404)

Silver • 2.8 g
Hainaut# 123, N# 314013
Groat - Albert of Bavaria
ND (1389-1404)

Silver • 1.6 g
Hainaut# Suppl, XVIII, N# 314083
Groat "with Eagle" - Albert of Bavaria
ND (1389-1404)

Silver • 1.3 g
VanH Atlas# G 541, N# 313947
1 Groat "Botdrager" - William IV of Bavaria
ND (1404-1417)

Silver • 2.4 g
Hainaut# 134, N# 313884
Groat - William IV of Bavaria
ND (1404-1417)

Silver • 1.26 g
Hainaut# 136, N# 313893
Groat "Drielander" - Jacqueline and John IV of Brabant
ND (1420-1421)

Billon (.320 silver) • 2.1 g
Hainaut# 149, N# 313839
Groat "Vierlander" - Philip the Good
ND (1434-1440)

Silver (.500) • 1.4 g
GH# 10-3, N# 313763
2 Groats "Gros Vaillant" - William III of Bavaria
ND (1355-1389)

Silver • 3.23 g • ⌀ 31 mm
Boudeau# 2130, Hainaut# 101, N# 75157
2 Groats "Plaque of the Evangelists" - William III of Bavaria
ND (1356-1389)

Silver • 3.28 g • ⌀ 32 mm
Boudeau# 2128, Hainaut# 104, N# 95748
2 Groats "Fors" - William III of Bavaria
ND (1366-1367)

Silver (.519) • 4.48 g
Hainaut# 109, N# 314096
2 Groats "with Eagle" - Albert of Bavaria
ND (1389-1404)

Silver • 3.3 g • ⌀ 31 mm
Hainaut# 118, Boudeau# 2132, N# 95746
2 Groats - Albert of Bavaria
ND (1389-1404)

Silver • 3.4 g
Hainaut# 124, N# 313946
2 Groschen "Thuyne" - William IV of Bavaria
ND (1404-1417)

Silver • 3.0 g • ⌀ 29 mm
Hainaut# 137, Boudeau# 2136, vdCh 6# 9.17, N# 313881
2 Groats - William IV of Bavaria
ND (1404-1417)

Silver • 3.3 g
Hainaut# Suppl XLVII, N# 313882
2 Groats "Thuyne" - Jacqueline of Bavaria
ND (1417-1433)

Silver • 2.9 g
Hainaut# 143, N# 313739
2 Groats "Drielander"- Jacqueline and John IV of Brabant
ND (1420-1421)

Billon (.480 silver) • 2.8 g • ⌀ 30 mm
Hainaut# 148, Boudeau# 2140, N# 313822
2 Groats "Vierlander" - Philip the Good (lion reverse)
ND (1433)

Billon (.479 silver) • 3.40 g • ⌀ 29 mm
Hainaut# 162, N# 363617
2 Groats "Vierlander" - Philip the Good (monogram reverse)
ND (1434-1467)

Billon (.479 silver) • 3.40 g • ⌀ 29 mm
GH# 9-3, Vanhoudt# 3-VA, Boudeau# 2147, N# 95642
2 Stivers - Philip the Good
ND (1466-1467)

Silver (.918) • 3.08 g
GH# 8-3, Boudeau# 2145, N# 313741
⅓ Gold Lion - Philip the Good
ND (1454-1455)

Gold (.958) • 1.4 g
GH# 5-3, Delmonte G# 305, Fr# 170, N# 313795
Florin - William II
ND (1337-1345)

Gold • 3.33 g • ⌀ 20 mm
Delmonte G# 285, N# 368392
Florin - Margaret II of Avesnes
ND (1345-1356)

Gold • 3.4 g
Delmonte G# 286, Hainaut# 81, N# 314580
Franc à Cheval - William III of Bavaria
ND (1356-1389)

Gold • 3.8 g
Hainaut# 98, Delmonte G# 288, Fr# 159, N# 334755
Franc "à Pied" - William III of Bavaria
ND (1365-1389)

Gold • 3.8 g
Hainaut# Suppl 2, XXXII, Delmonte G# 291, N# 314576
Gold Crown - William III of Bavaria
ND (1356-1389)

Gold • 3.56 g
Delmonte G# 293, Fr# 27, N# 334876
Gold Crown - Albert of Bavaria
ND (1389-1404)

Gold • 4.05 g
Delmonte G# 295, N# 184394
Gold Crown - John of Brabant
ND (1418-1425)

Gold (.920) • 3.63 g • ⌀ 28 mm
Delmonte G# 297, Hainaut# 146, N# 368332
Rider "Cavalier d'Or" - Philip the Good
ND (1434)

Gold (.992) • 3.63 g • ⌀ 28 mm
GH# 1-3, Vanhoudt# 1-VA, Delmonte G# 301, Fr# 267, N# 106556
Large Gold Crown - Albert of Bavaria
ND (1389-1404)

Gold • 5.2 g
Hainaut# 116, Delmonte G# 294, Fr# 258, N# 313945
Pieter d'Or - Philip the Good
ND (1433)

Gold • 3.6 g
Delmonte G# 300, N# 313796
Gold Lion - Philip the Good
ND (1454-1455)

Gold (.958) • 4.23 g • ⌀ 30 mm
Delmonte G# 303, Fr# 269, VanH Atlas# 16, N# 303488
Grand Franc à Cheval - William III of Bavaria
ND (1362-1389)

Gold • 6.05 g
Delmonte G# 287, Hainaut# 97, N# 368134
Double Franc "à Pied" - William III of Bavaria
ND (1365-1389)

Gold • 7.43 g
Delmonte G# 289, Hainaut# Suppl. 4.31, N# 368175
Grand Mouton d'Or - William III of Bavaria
ND (1356-1389)

Gold • 5.98 g
Hainaut# 94, N# 368250

The Numista referee for coins of this issuer is Compendium.

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