Exonumia from France

The Carolingian dynasty founded a unified currency facilitating the development of trade in Europe. The Carolingian pound worth 20 Sols and therefore 240 silver Deniers, is the pillar of the monetary system that will last until the French revolution. But from the 9th century, the Carolingian Empire was subject to internal and external pressures that favored the emergence of local feudal powers. Each lordship took the opportunity to mint coins, causing a certain monetary disorder for several centuries. The accession to power of Hugh Capet marked a turning point. He and his successors Louis VI, Philip Augustus and Saint Louis, imposed the royal coinage, gradually buying back the monetary rights of the feudal lords. In 1641, Louis XIII created the Louis d'Or and reintroduced the silver Ecu and the copper Liard. After 1789, coinage did not escape the revolutionary phenomenon: in 1792, coins bearing the effigy of Louis XVI were replaced by the Sol aux Balances. Then the Franc reappears (the first "Franc à Cheval" and "Franc à Pied" were minted from the 14th century), with a fixed weight and decimal subdivisions. Napoleon then introduced the gold 40F and 20F and their subdivisions, all types that would go through the restoration and revolutions until the First World War. In the interwar period, in a context of general collapse of the economy, the Franc was devalued several times. In 1960, De Gaulle created the New Franc as part of European integration and its new monetary system. Finally, the Euro replaced the Franc on July 1st, 2002.
Wikidata: Q142

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France • Business token

Available for swap Token (For Consumption)
ND

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Brass • 4 g • ⌀ 22 mm
N# 45083
Vin - F.E.L - Louvre - Bordeaux [33]
ND

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Brass • 21.5 mm
N# 333016
Medal - Monneron (Jean-Jacques Rousseau)
ND (1791)

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Bronze • 25 g • ⌀ 35 mm
Hennin# 299, N# 229162
Cloitre Notredame
1809

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Copper • 2.88 g • ⌀ 22.5 mm
N# 76925
Cloitre Notredame
1809

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Bronze • ⌀ 22.85 mm
N# 67469
Available for swap Maximus - Non Plus Ultra
ND (1827)

Trade tokens › Business token
Copper • 2.3 g • ⌀ 22 mm
Batty# 2358, N# 29200
jeton republique francaise
1867

Trade tokens › Business token
Brass • 4 g • ⌀ 24 mm
N# 45117
Folies Parisiennes Exposition de 1889
1889

Trade tokens › Business token
Copper-nickel • 2.65 g • ⌀ 24 mm
N# 30334
2 kg500 - Boulangerie Coopérative de Brens (81)
ND (1911-1922)

Trade tokens › Business token
Nickel plated zinc • 6.06 g • ⌀ 30 mm
El Mon.# 10.1, N# 353385
2 Coupons (Cithea)
1932

Trade tokens › Business token
Nickel brass • 4.6 g • ⌀ 22 mm
N# 37374

The Numista referees for exonumia of this issuer are abidbol and PLH28.

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