The Iberian peninsula has long been inhabited, before the Roman conquest. During the 1st millennium BC, in the Bronze Age, the first wave of migrations into Iberia of speakers of Indo-European languages occurred. These were later (7th and 5th centuries BC) followed by others that can be identified as Celts. Eventually urban cultures developed in southern Iberia, such as Tartessos, influenced by the Phoenician colonization of coastal Mediterranean Iberia, with strong competition from the Greek colonization. These two processes defined Iberia's cultural landscape – Mediterranean towards the southeast and Continental in the northwest.
The Celtiberians were a group of Celts and Celticized peoples inhabiting the central-eastern Iberian Peninsula during the final centuries BC. These tribes spoke the Celtiberian language and wrote it by adapting the Iberian alphabet, in the form of the Celtiberian script.
In 195 BC, part of Celtiberia was conquered by the Romans, and by 72 BC the entire region had become part of the Roman province of Hispania Citerior. The subjugated Celtiberians waged a protracted struggle against the Roman conquerors, staging uprisings in 195-193, 181-179, 153-151, and 143-133. In 105 BC, Celtiberian warriors drove the Germanic Cimbri from Spain in the Cimbrian War (113–101 BC) and also played an important role in the Sertorian War (80–72 BC).
The history of ancient Iberian coinage begins as early as the fifth century BC, but widespread minting and circulation in the Iberian peninsula did not begin until late in the third century, during the Second Punic War. Civic coinages - emissions made by individual cities at their own volition - continued under the first two and a half centuries of Roman control until ending in the mid-first century AD. Some non-civic coins were minted on behalf of Roman emperors during this period and continued to be minted after the cessation of the civic coinages. After the cessation of the civic coinages, these Imperial coins were the only coins minted in Iberia until the coins of the Suebi and Visigoths.
Ancient Iberia was connected to the eastern and central Mediterranean, and so there are links to the Greek, Roman and Punic (Carthaginian) civic coinages. Yet there are also many points of difference that reflect dynamics within Iberia itself. Wikidata: Q5011445
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Iberia (ancient) › Celtiberia › Arevaci people › Arekorata, City of • Unit (158-133 BC)
As
(150 BC - 120 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 11.2 g
ACIP# 1751,
CNH# 272,
GCV# 35,
Heiss# 7,
N# 336464
Unit
(125 BC - 101 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 9 g • ⌀ 23 mm
ACIP# 1777,
FAB# 116,
CNH# 29,
N# 327941
Iberia (ancient) › Celtiberia › Arevaci people › Arkailikos gens • Unit (last third of the 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Celtiberia › Arevaci people › Borneskon • Unit (late 2nd century BC)
Unit
(100 BC - 1 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 12.6 g • ⌀ 26.5 mm
ACIP# 1825,
CNH# 3,
N# 316418
Iberia (ancient) › Celtiberia › Arevaci people › Louitiskos • Unit (mid 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Celtiberia › Arevaci people › Lutia, City of • Unit (early 1st century BC)
Unit
(133 BC - 76 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 10 g • ⌀ 25 mm
ACIP# 1876,
CNH# 1,
LV# 1,
FAB# 2176,
Heiss# 4,
N# 82540
Iberia (ancient) › Celtiberia › Arevaci people › Sekotias Lakas • Unit (last third of the 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Celtiberia › Arevaci people › Teitiakos gens • Unit (early 1st century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Celtiberia › Arevaci people › Uxama Argaela, City of • Unit (second half of the 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Celtiberia › Belli people › Belaiskom • Unit (late 2nd century BC)
As
(125 BC - 76 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 12.1 g • ⌀ 27.5 mm
ACIP# 1574,
Heiss# 4,
FAB# 258,
GCV# 36,
N# 294995
Iberia (ancient) › Celtiberia › Belli people › Konterbia Belaiska, City of • Unit (early 1st century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Celtiberia › Belli people › Sekaisa, City of • Unit (late 2nd and early 1st century BC)
Unit
(100 BC - 51 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 8.7 g • ⌀ 23 mm
ACIP# 1560,
CNH# 40,
FAB# 2131,
N# 296958
Iberia (ancient) › Celtiberia › Lusones people › Aratis, City of • Unit (late 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Celtiberia › Lusones people › Bursau • Unit (late 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Celtiberia › Lusones people › Karaues • Unit (second half of the 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Celtiberia › Lusones people › Nertobis • Unit (late 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Celtiberia › Lusones people › Samala • Unit (early 1st century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Celtiberia › Lusones people › Turiasu, City of • Unit (mid second half of the 2nd century BC)
Unit
(120 BC - 20 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 12.52 g • ⌀ 25 mm
ACIP# 1708,
Heiss# 4,
FAB# 2424,
GCV# 31,
N# 335830
Denarius
(125 BC - 101 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Silver • 3.9 g • ⌀ 18 mm
ACIP# 1718,
CNH# 17,
FAB# 2416,
GCV# 30,
Heiss# 3,
N# 154422
Iberia (ancient) › Celtiberia › Pellendones people › Ekualakos • Unit (second half of the 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Celtiberia › Pellendones people › Okalakom • Unit (early 1st century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Celtiberia › Pellendones people › Roturkon • Unit (early 1st century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Celtiberia › Pellendones people › Sekisanos • Unit (early 1st century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Celtiberia › Pellendones people › Tabaniu, City of • Unit (second half of the 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Celtiberia › Pellendones people › Uarkas • Unit (early 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Celtiberia › Titii people › Titum • Unit (early 1st century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Eastern Hispania Ulterior › Oretani people › Kastilo, City of • Unit (before 214/212 BC)
Semis
(200 BC - 151 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 9.5 g • ⌀ 22 mm
ACIP# 2116,
FAB# 715,
LV# 332/12,
N# 86988
Semis
(154 BC - 133 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 9.5 g • ⌀ 24.5 mm
ACIP# 2119,
CNH# 15,
FAB# 728,
LV# 333/17,
Hunter# 18,
N# 197403
¼ Unit
(130 BC - 80 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 3.4 g • ⌀ 16 mm
ACIP# 2153,
CNH# 337,
FAB# 735,
N# 37609
Semis
(125 BC - 101 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 6.4 g • ⌀ 18.5 mm
ACIP# 2146,
CNH# 42,
FAB# 717,
SNG Copenhagen# 213,
N# 287534
As
(200 BC - 150 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 30 g • ⌀ 34 mm
ACIP# 2113,
CNH# 39,
N# 378826
Semis
(100 BC - 76 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 4.6 g • ⌀ 18 mm
ACIP# 2156,
CNH# 52,
FAB# 722,
N# 151788
As
(200 BC - 151 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 28.2 g • ⌀ 31 mm
ACIP# 2302,
CNH# 1,
N# 314311
As
(100 BC - 1 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 15.5 g • ⌀ 29 mm
ACIP# 2442,
CNH# 1,
N# 314596
Semis
(42 BC - 1 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 5.95 g • ⌀ 20.0 mm
ACIP# 2623,
CNH# 2,
N# 314377
Iberia (ancient) › Eastern Iberia › Edetani people › Arse-Saguntum, City of • Drachm (first half of the 2nd century BC)
1 Drachm = 6 Obols
⅛ Unit
(200 BC - 151 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 1.63 g • ⌀ 13 mm
ACIP# 1979,
CNH# 35,
LV# 54,
FAB# 2064,
N# 93822
Drachm
(195 BC - 130 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Silver • 2.76 g • ⌀ 16.5 mm
ACIP# 1967,
CNH# 307,
GCV# 24,
Heiss# 4,
N# 335174
Æ As
(130 BC - 72 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 20 g • ⌀ 29 mm
CNH# 310/45,
ACIP# 1986,
N# 382201
Iberia (ancient) › Eastern Iberia › Edetani people › Basti • Unit (mid 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Eastern Iberia › Edetani people › Kelin, City of • Unit (late 3rd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Eastern Iberia › Edetani people › Kili • Unit (mid 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Eastern Iberia › Edetani people › Saiti, City of • Unit (first half of the 2nd century BC)
Unit
(200 BC - 151 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 6.6 g • ⌀ 21 mm
ACIP# 2031,
CNH# 1,
GCV# 42,
Heiss# 3,
N# 314222
As
(138 BC - 50 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 17.5 g • ⌀ 29 mm
ACIP# 2049,
CNH# 1,
N# 314616
Iberia (ancient) › Eastern Iberia › Ilercavones people › Abariltur • Unit (2nd century BC)
As
(150 BC - 101 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 13.8 g • ⌀ 29.5 mm
ACIP# 2482,
CNH# 1,
FAB# 296,
Gomes# BRU 01.01,
N# 314225
As
(200 BC - 151 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 24.0 g • ⌀ 31 mm
ACIP# 2493,
CNH# 1,
N# 314615
As
(200 BC - 151 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 18.5 g • ⌀ 28.5 mm
ACIP# 2315,
CNH# 1,
FAB# 1566,
N# 314609
As
(200 BC - 101 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 20.0 g • ⌀ 33 mm
ACIP# 2497,
CNH# 1,
N# 314607
As
(150 BC - 101 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 13.7 g • ⌀ 26.5 mm
ACIP# 2498,
CNH# 1,
N# 314606
As
(100 BC - 1 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 17.7 g • ⌀ 29.0 mm
ACIP# 2503,
CNH# 1,
N# 314374
Iberia (ancient) › Meseta Plateau › Carpetani people › Ikesankom Konbouto • Unit (early 1st century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Meseta Plateau › Carpetani people › Toletum • Unit (early 1st century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Meseta Plateau › Olcades people › Erkauika, City of • Unit (last third of the 2nd century BC)
Unit
(133 BC - 101 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 10.4 g • ⌀ 24.5 mm
ACIP# 1855,
CNH# 2,
GCV# 37,
Heiss# 2,
N# 314202
Unit
(200 BC - 151 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 9.7 g • ⌀ 25 mm
ACIP# 2079,
ACIP# 6,
FAB# 1399,
N# 294433
Iberia (ancient) › Meseta Plateau › Vaccaei people › Segovia, City of • Unit (1st century BC)
Unit
(100 BC - 1 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 8.4 g • ⌀ 25 mm
ACIP# 1867,
CNH# 1,
N# 314178
Iberia (ancient) › Meseta Plateau › Vettones people › Tanusia, City of • Unit (early 1st century BC)
As
(195 BC - 170 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 20.89 g • ⌀ 31.57 mm
ACIP# 1294,
CNH# 1,
N# 380110
Iberia (ancient) › Middle Ebro › Ausetani people › Ausesken gens • Unit (second half of the 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Middle Ebro › Ausetani people › Ore, City of • Unit
Unit
(195 BC - 170 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Silver • 4.2 g • ⌀ 18 mm
ACIP# 1122,
GCV# 17,
Heiss# 1,
N# 334333
¼ Unit
(195 BC - 170 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 2.62 g • ⌀ 15.38 mm
ACIP# 1119,
CNH# 14,
GCV# 19,
Heiss# 14,
N# 340677
Unit
(195 BC - 170 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 13 g • ⌀ 27 mm
ACIP# 1116,
CNH# 11,
GCV# 18,
Heiss# 4,
N# 303068
As
(27 BC - 14 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 9 g • ⌀ 25 mm
ACIP# 1219,
CNH# 1,
Ripollés# 205b,
N# 303072
Iberia (ancient) › Middle Ebro › Cessetani people › Kaio • Unit
Iberia (ancient) › Middle Ebro › Cessetani people › Masonsa • Unit
Iberia (ancient) › Middle Ebro › Ilergetes people › Arketurki • As (late 2nd century BC)
1 As = 2 Semisses
As
(125 BC - 101 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 16.0 g • ⌀ 27 mm
ACIP# 1286,
CNH# 4,
N# 307576
Iberia (ancient) › Middle Ebro › Ilergetes people › Eso • Unit
Iberia (ancient) › Middle Ebro › Ilergetes people › Iltirta • Unit (late 3rd century BC)
As
(200 BC - 151 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 26.4 g • ⌀ 33 mm
ACIP# 1236,
CNH# 7,
FAB# 1461,
LV# 177.15,
GCV# 20,
N# 292448
Quadrans
(200-20)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 2.93 g • ⌀ 15 mm
FAB# 1468,
ACIP# 1254,
N# 382577
Iberia (ancient) › Middle Ebro › Ilergetes people › Usekerte • As
1 As = 2 Semisses
As
(50 BC - 27 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 8.23 g • ⌀ 27 mm
FAB# 1262,
RPC Online I# 256,
LV# 40,
N# 89164
As
(27 BC - 1 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 10.15 g • ⌀ 26.0 mm
ACIP# 1091,
CNH# 33,
Ripollés# 252d,
N# 298646
Iberia (ancient) › Middle Ebro › Laietani people › Baitolo, City of • Unit (late 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Middle Ebro › Laietani people › Ieso, City of • Unit (1st century BC)
Unit
(100 BC - 1 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 8.8 g • ⌀ 23 mm
ACIP# 1383,
CNH# 3,
N# 307581
Iberia (ancient) › Middle Ebro › Laietani people › Iltirkesken gens • Unit (first half of the 1st century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Middle Ebro › Laietani people › Ilturo • Unit (late 2nd and early 1st centuries BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Middle Ebro › Laietani people › Laiesken • Unit (second half of the 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Middle Ebro › Laietani people › Lauro • Unit (second half of the 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Middle Ebro › Laietani people › Oskumken • Unit (late 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Northern Iberia › Berones people › Kaiskata • Unit (second half of the 2nd century BC)
Unit
(150 BC - 101 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 11.9 g • ⌀ 23.5 mm
ACIP# 1682,
CNH# 2,
GCV# 32,
Heiss# 1,
N# 313920
Iberia (ancient) › Northern Iberia › Berones people › Kalakorikos • Unit (mid 2nd century BC)
Unit
(175 BC - 126 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 12.5 g • ⌀ 27.5 mm
ACIP# 1790,
CNH# 2,
GCV# 33,
Heiss# 1,
N# 313930
Iberia (ancient) › Northern Iberia › Berones people › Karalus • Unit (second half of the 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Northern Iberia › Berones people › Kueliokos • Unit (early second half of the 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Northern Iberia › Berones people › Letaisama • Unit (early 1st century BC)
Unit
(100 BC - 76 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 8.5 g • ⌀ 23.0 mm
ACIP# 1857,
CNH# 1,
FAB# 1326,
N# 314011
Iberia (ancient) › Northern Iberia › Berones people › Libiakos • Unspecified currency
Iberia (ancient) › Northern Iberia › Berones people › Metuainum • Unit (early 1st century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Northern Iberia › Berones people › Olkairun • Unit (early second half of the 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Northern Iberia › Berones people › Titiakos gens • Unit (first half of the 1st century BC)
Unit
(100 BC - 76 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 8.3 g • ⌀ 22.5 mm
ACIP# 1897,
CNH# 11,
N# 314072
Iberia (ancient) › Northern Iberia › Berones people › Uarakos gens • Unit (early 1st century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Northern Iberia › Berones people › Uirouia, City of • Unit (second half of the 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Northern Iberia › Vascones people › Arsaos • Unit (late 2nd and early 1st centuries BC)
Unit
(133 BC - 72 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 8.59 g • ⌀ 24 mm
ACIP# 1653,
CNH# 254,
GCV# 26,
Heiss# 3,
N# 335281
Iberia (ancient) › Northern Iberia › Vascones people › Baskunes gens • Denarius (late 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Northern Iberia › Vascones people › Ontikes gens • Unit (second half of the 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Northern Iberia › Vascones people › Tirsos • Unit (early second half of the 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Northern Iberia › Vascones people › Umanbaate • Unit (early second half of the 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Peninsular Northeast › Lobetani people › Orosi • Unit (late 2nd and early 1st centuries BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Peninsular Northeast › Sedetani people › Alaun, City of • Unit (after 143 BC)
Unit
(120 BC - 80 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 13.4 g • ⌀ 28.0 mm
ACIP# 1471,
CNH# 3,
N# 313087
Iberia (ancient) › Peninsular Northeast › Sedetani people › Iltukoite • Unit (after 143 BC)
Unit
(143 BC - 1 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 14.4 g • ⌀ 28.0 mm
ACIP# 1502,
CNH# 1,
N# 313088
Iberia (ancient) › Peninsular Northeast › Sedetani people › Kelse, City of • Unit (first half of the 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Peninsular Northeast › Sedetani people › Kelse, City of • Unit (late 2nd and early 1st centuries BC)
As
(44 BC - 35 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 13.8 g • ⌀ 29.0 mm
ACIP# 1496,
CNH# 23,
N# 313091
Iberia (ancient) › Peninsular Northeast › Sedetani people › Lakine • Unit (late 2nd and early 1st centuries BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Peninsular Northeast › Sedetani people › Otobesken gens • Unit (late 2nd and early 1st centuries BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Peninsular Northeast › Sedetani people › Saltuie, Oppidum of • Unit (late 2nd and early 1st centuries BC)
Unit
(120 BC - 20 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 11.0 g • ⌀ 25.0 mm
ACIP# 1516,
CNH# 1,
LV# 228/2,
FAB# 306,
N# 294414
Iberia (ancient) › Peninsular Northeast › Sedetani people › Seteisken gens • Unit (last third of the 2nd century BC)
Unit
(80 BC - 40 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 7.87 g • ⌀ 23.18 mm
ACIP# 1467,
CNH# 12,
N# 340777
Iberia (ancient) › Peninsular Northeast › Sedetani people › Terkakom • Unit (early 1st centuries BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Peninsular Northeast › Suessetani people › Belikio • Denarius (last third of the 2nd century BC)
Iberia (ancient) › Peninsular Northeast › Suessetani people › Belikio • Denarius (first third of the 1st century BC)
Unit
(100 BC - 65 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 8.6 g • ⌀ 23.5 mm
ACIP# 1433,
CNH# 4,
SNG Copenhagen# 321,
N# 310014
As
(150 BC - 101 BC)
Standard circulation coin
Bronze • 7.8 g • ⌀ 24 mm
ACIP# 1419,
CNH# 8,
FAB# 1918,
N# 188865